Solutions

Exercise 1: Definite Article
1. He's attending a special school for the blind.
2. Honesty is the best policy.
3. The weakness of political science is its lack of theory.
4. I want to buy a white dress. Have you got any?
5. School begins on Monday.
6. I want to buy the white dress which is on display in your shop window.
7. It is the sunshine that makes Mallorca a popular holiday resort.

Exercise 2: Uncountable Nouns
1. Die USA sind ein großes Land. / The US is a great country.
2. Ich bekam einen guten Ratschlag. / 1 received some good advice.
3. Die Informationen waren nutzlos. /The information was useless.
4. Keine Nachrichten sind gute Nachrichten. / No news is good news.
5. Die meisten Leute glauben, dass die Völker der Welt in Frieden leben sollten. / Most people believe that the peopies of the worid should live in peace.

Exercise 3: Tenses/ Irregular Verbs
The sun was shining. They had been walken through the forest for some time. Blinky sat on a tree trunk. Nutsy lay in the grass beside him. lt was quiet, only now and then a bird flew from one tree to another. Suddenly there was a loud noise from a chain saw. Trees feil which Harry and his men had cut. Blinky put down the sandwich which he had been eating and rose to his feet.

Exercise 4: Indirect Object
1. Letzte Woche hat mir mein Bruder einen Brief geschrieben. / Last week my brother wrote me a letter.
2. Der Lehrer erklärte mir das Problem. / The teacher explained the problem to me.
3. Beschreiben Sie dem Arzt ihr Problem. / Describe your problem to the doctor.
4. Er gab seiner Frau eine Kamera als Geschenk. / He gave his wife a camera as a present.
5. Ich schlug ihr einen Ausweg vor. / 1 suggested a way out to her.

Exercise 5: Relative Clauses
1. My father, who lives in London, is a physician.
2. The news [that / which] we heard last night was puzzling.
3. That's the man whose car was stolen.
4. My brother who lives in London is my favourite relative.
5. This is a trend which can be observed in the whole of Europe.
6. The men who were tired stopped working.
7. This is the man for whom 1 used to work.
8. 1 assure you, sir. This is not the steak [that] you sent back..
9. This contradicts the statement [which / that] you signed last week.

Exercise 6: Reported Speech
1. Sie erzählte mir, ihr gefiele mein Haus. / She told me she liked my house.
2. Er sagt, er wird nicht kommen. / He says he won't come.
3. Er riet mir, etwas in diesem Geschäft zu kaufen. / He advised me to buy something in this shop.
4. Sie fragte den Polizisten, wo das Gefängnis sei. / She asked the policeman where the prison was.
5. Er wollte, dass ich komme. / He wanted me to come.

Exercise 7: Indefinite Pronouns
1. Any old fool can do that.
2. Can 1 have some milk, please?
3. Some people drink whisky if they haven't got any water.
4. People waste too much energy.
5. Many / Some expensive cars passed by - they must have cost a lot of money.
6. Few children know many songs these days.
7. A few / Some children sang Merry Christmas while the others stood there silent.

Exercise 8: Position of Adverbs
1. 1 quickly wrote down the details.
2. The robber was quickly caught by the police.
3. [Usually] Teachers usually know their pupils well.
4. 1 often go to the movies.
5. [After school] I had a meal at a restaurant after school.
6. [Last summer] we travelled to America last summer.
7. [Only] I only want to eat an apple.
8. 1 frequently dream the same dream.

Exercise 9: Participle
1. Witnessing a mugging a young doctor came to the help of an old lady. / Da bzw. als er zufälliger Zeuge eines Raubüberfalls wurde, kam ein junger Arzt einer alten Dame zu Hilfe.
2. Seeing a robust man struggling brutally with an old lady crying for help in the street, / Als er einen kräftigen Mann sah, der auf der Straße brutal mit einer alten Dame kämpfte, die um Hilfe schrie,
3. he jumped forward, holding the mugger by the shoulders. / sprang er hinzu und fasste den Räuber bei den Schultern.
4. Feeling uncertain if he could hold the mugger he shouted for help. / Da er sich nicht sicher war, ob er den Räuber festhalten konnte, schrie er um Hilfe.
5. Hearing the shouts a policeman rushed to their help. Though now having to fight against two men the mugger managed to escape in the end. / Als ein Polizist die Hilferufe hörte, eilte er zu Hilfe. Obwohl der Räuber nun gegen zwei Männer kämpfen musste, gelang ihm schließlich die Flucht.'

Exercise 10: Present Perfect
1. Ich zähle die Tage seit ich ankam. / 1 have been counting the days since 1 arrived.
2. Der junge Mann wartet schon seit einer Stunde. / The young man has been waiting for one hour.
3. Er wartet schon seit 8 Uhr. / He has been waiting since eight o'clock.
4. Vor 10 Jahren ist mein Leben noch ganz angenehm gewesen. / Ten years ago my life was still fairly pleasant.
5. Das Schiff brannte 5 Stunden, bevor Hilfe kam. / The ship had been burning for 5 hours before help (assistance) arrived.

Exercise 11: Infinitives
1. You had better see a dentist.
2. We want to go now.
3. Margaret Thatcher was the first woman -to become prime minister in Great Britain.
4. 1 want you to come.
5. It's cold outside; 1 would rather stay at home.
6. He cannot corne today, but he hopes he'11 be able to come tomorrow.
7. She went to London to learn English.
8. He stopped to rest [resting]. (Difference in meaning!)

Exercise 12: Aspect
1. I was cycling through the park when suddenly a dog attacked me.
2. Ouch! 1 have cut my finger.
3. Look, Mr Smith is cycling to work today.
4. 1 thought he always drove to work by car.
5. The Houses of Parliament stand by the Thames.
6. 1 only saw the aircraft after 1 had heard the noise of its engines.
7. The doctor put down his bag. Then he felt the patient's pulse and gave him an injection.

Exercise 13: Passive
1. John bekam einen Kaktus zum Geburtstag, / John was given a cactus for his birthday. [John got a cactus for his birthday.]
2. Man sagt, dieser Mann sei Millionär. / This man is said to be a millionaire.
3. Mir wurde eine Geschichte erzählt. / 1 was told a story.
4. Ich war sehr interessiert. / 1 was very interested.
5. Der Junge wurde von einem Hund gebissen. / The boy was bitten by a dog.

Exercise 14: Gerund
1. She suggested having a break.
2. He stopped swimming and drowned.
3. You should stop smoking.
4. 1 really enjoy doing this exercise.
5. My sister avoids meeting her former boyfriend.
6. Please remember to post my letter.

Exercise 15: Future Tense
1. Sie verlässt morgen das Land. / She's going to leave the country tomorrow.
2. Ich glaube, dass ich eines Tages ein Haus kaufen werde. / 1 think 1 will buy a house one day.
3. Was machst du morgen abend? / What are you going to do tomorrow evening?
4. Morgen abend um diese Zeit werde ich am Strand liegen. / By this time tomorrow evening I will be lying on the beach.
5. Nächsten Monat wird sie ihr Baby bekommen. / Next month she's going to have her baby.

Exercise 16: Defective Auxiliaries
1 - Es gab eine Revolution. Ich muss Sie befreien und Sie sollen mich hinrichten. / There has been a revolution. 1 am to free you and you are to execute me.
2. Er muss heim. / He has got to go home.
3. Ich hätte Wein kaufen sollen! / 1 should have bought some wine!
4. Früher aßen die Leute mit ihren Händen. / In former times people used to eat with their hands.
5. Sie braucht nicht zu kommen. / She needn't [doesn't need to] come.

Exercise 17: Prepositions
1.- On the first Monday of August at about ten o'clock there is going to be be a solar eclipse.
2. lt will depend on the pilot whether the plane to Honolulu will take off on [in] time.
3. He took a picture of [from] Tower Bridge.

4. The senators are elected by the people.
5. There were many interruptions during the debate.

Exercise 18: Conditional Clauses
1 .lf it rains, you will get wet.
2. Unless you go to sleep now, you will be tired tomorrow.
3. lf 1 had wings, 1 could fly.
4. lf the Prime Minister loses [lost] [had lost] his majority, he will have to 1 rnust [would have to] [would have had to] resign.
5. lf I had learnt [had learned] more, this test would have been easier. But now it's too late.
6. lf you could help me, 1 would be grateful.

Exercise 19: Adjective or Adverb
1. 1 can easily finish this exercise today.
2. This exercise is easy.
3. She looks beautif ul in her new coat.
4. This cake tastes awful.
5. He walked home quickly.
6. lt is obvious that TV plays an important role in our society.
7. Nowadays you can hardly find anyone who is prepared to work hard.
8. The audience remained silent throughout the whole performance.

Exercise 20: Vocabulary and Grammar
1. The future is so bright you have to wear dark glasses to protect your eyes from the sun.
2. Most people are afraid of something.
3. In fact, the President is elected by the people.
4. According to the speaker the USA is in a period of transition.
5. Everything around him was blown to pieces yet James Bond escaped unhurt.
6. Have you met Professor Hawkins yet?
7. The lecture was so boring that everyone fell asleep.
8. "1 don't understand modern art." 'l don't, either".
9. "1 thought you loved her." "On the contrary, I hate her."
10. In my opinion money is not important.